Monthly Bible
Commentaries

May 2023

Love Builds Up

1 Corinthians 8:1-13
Now about food sacrificed to idols: We know that “we all possess knowledge.” But knowledge puffs up while love builds up. Those who think they know something do not yet know as they ought to know. But whoever loves God is known by God. So then, about eating food sacrificed to idols: We know that “An idol is nothing at all in the world” and that “There is no God but one.” For even if there are so-called gods, whether in heaven or on earth (as indeed there are many “gods” and many “lords”), yet for us there is but one God, the Father, from whom all things came and for whom we live; and there is but one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came and through whom we live. But not everyone possesses this knowledge. Some people are still so accustomed to idols that when they eat sacrificial food they think of it as having been sacrificed to a god, and since their conscience is weak,it is defiled. But food does not bring us near to God; we are no worse if we do not eat, and no better if we do. Be careful, however, that the exercise of your rights does not become a stumbling block to the weak. For if someone with a weak conscience sees you, with all your knowledge, eating in an idol’s temple, won’t that person be emboldened to eat what is sacrificed to idols? So this weak brother or sister, for whom Christ died, is destroyed by your knowledge. When you sin against them in this way and wound their weak conscience, you sin against Christ. Therefore, if what I eat causes my brother or sister to fall into sin, I will never eat meat again, so that I will not cause them to fall. (1 Corinthians 8:1-13)

Do we have the right to eat food offered in sacrifice to idols? The city of Corinth was primarily pagan; there were many temples. Animals were offered to the gods, and the meat was eaten during sacred meals or else sold on the market. Either during a business meeting with non-Christian partners, or during a popular festival, occasions for eating this meat were not lacking. It could even be advantageous for affluent and influential Christians not to harm their relationships with good society because of their religious scruples.

These Christians could base their practice on a simple argument: there is only one God, so meat offered to idols is meaningless. Recognizing a particular quality in that food would mean giving importance to the false gods of Greece and Rome, and this would be a serious error.

Paul confirms the validity of this reasoning in a long tirade. Still, between two arguments of his correspondents that he agrees with, he notes that for some Christians, this indisputable truth is not obvious. Because of the weakness of their knowledge and of their faith, they give this meat an importance that it does not have.

The knowledge of the strong can cause the weak to stumble, those whom Christ lifted up by his resurrection and with whom he identifies by the cross. An ethical choice that is only guided by knowledge—even correct knowledge!—thus causes someone to sin against Christ. By his death, Christ came down to the level of the weak, and by his resurrection he granted them an incomparable dignity. Moreover, by becoming a brother to all human beings, he made us brothers and sisters of one another. Because of these things, anyone who causes a weak brother or sister to fall does exactly the opposite of what Jesus did on the cross, even if they are technically correct.

The answer is already found in the first verse of the chapter: knowledge puffs up while love builds up. In the life of Christians with one another, brotherly and sisterly love is a more stable and healthy foundation than any knowledge. Naturally Paul does not at all reject knowledge in matters of faith. He praises the knowledge of the Corinthians (1:5) and he knows well that knowledge can “build up” the community (see ch. 14). In addition, if Paul were against knowledge, would he have spent so much time and energy teaching? The problem is never knowledge as such, but the illusion that because of it one is dispensed from loving (13:2). In the end it is love that matters, that lasts (13:13). Every act of love that we accomplish in the steps of Christ is eternal and will remain, because it is a reflection of the perfect Love that Christ showed on the cross.

01
Do I agree with Paul’s argument? Why or why not?
02
In what situations today do we risk creating divisions because of our insistence of being right at all costs? How can the search for trust be linked to an openness to those who have other points of view and a concern for those who are weaker?
03
How does the example of the crucified Christ help us to be creators of unity?

Recent meditations