Monthly Bible
Commentaries
A Hymn to the Trinity
Ephesians 1:3-14How rich are these opening words of the Letter to the Ephesians! After the initial greeting, claiming Paul as the author, we are plunged into a density of theological thought that takes some time to fathom in all its depth. These verses make up a single phrase in the original Greek and this phrase sings. It is a lyrical hymn of praise which unveils what it means to blessed by God in Christ, who marks us with the Holy Spirit.
As we read, we begin to grasp how much the divine purpose is to draw all humanity and creation into an everlasting praise, to invite them to welcome the blessing that God wishes to freely bestow. Imagine what an encouragement this must have been to these small groups of early Christians in a world seemingly governed by other powers. They are part of an action far larger than what they can see for themselves, an action which will find its fulfilment in the “fullness of time” (v. 10).
We are created and destined to live in God’s praise. Three times, the words “for the praise of God’s glory” (vv. 6, 12, 14) punctuate this hymn. In the Bible, praise is the appropriate response of human beings to God’s freely given love (see Psalm 118:1 for example). Yet, it is not only an act of thanksgiving on the part of people. It is also the means through which the fullness of God’s saving love enters into us (see Luke 17:11-19, the healing of the ten lepers—the one who gives thanks is made whole again). Praise opens our eyes to see the magnitude of God’s gift in our lives.
Nine times, we meet the expression “in Christ/him” in these verses and once “in the One he loves” (v. 6). Note that each time it is “us” or “you” (plural) that are “in Christ”. These words are for the community and not simply for an individual believer.
Today, we often speak about personal salvation, but here we understand that being “in Christ” means letting ourselves be transported towards a new world where we perceive ourselves and others in a new manner. It means uniting ourselves in love and placing ourselves under Christ’s loving gaze. It means knowing that we are chosen and adopted together and that that was God’s plan for us all since the very beginning. It means trusting that, despite our collective failures and challenges, God has forgiven us and integrates us into his loving plan. And all of this together—never on our own!
And this togetherness will include all humanity. The redemption through the given life of Jesus in verse 6, his death and resurrection, becomes in verses 12 and 13 a cosmic event, as those who “first put our hope in Christ” (God’s people) are joined by all the others (the nations) who heard and believed in Christ. They too have received the “promised Holy Spirit”. God unites the whole universe under a single head (v. 10) that is Christ, to lead it to its fulfilment in Christ. In that way, God makes known the mystery of his will—that is God’s “good pleasure” (vv. 5, 9), in other words, God rejoices to do this for us. We are suspended by grace, God’s free gift in Christ.